All submissions to the Indonesian Journal of Health undergo plagiarism screening using tools such as CrossCheck, iThenticate, or Turnitin. The journal maintains a strict policy against plagiarism and self-plagiarism, immediately rejecting any papers that violate these standards. Before peer review, editorial team members evaluate each submission for similarity, requiring manuscripts to demonstrate less than 20% similarity to existing works.

Plagiarism constitutes presenting someone else's ideas or words as your own without proper authorization, acknowledgment, or citation. This academic misconduct can manifest in several ways:

1. Direct copying: Reproducing another author's work verbatim, either partially or completely, without permission or proper citation. This form can be detected through direct comparison of the original source and the suspected text.
   
   
2. Substantial copying: Using significant portions of another author's work without authorization or acknowledgment. "Substantial" refers to both quality and quantity—the relative importance of the copied content in relation to the complete work.
   
   
3. Improper paraphrasing: Reformulating ideas, words, or phrases from a source into new sentences without properly attributing the original author or source. This more subtle form of plagiarism is typically harder to identify but equally unethical.